Which scenario best illustrates real estate fraud by an agent?

• A. An agent accurately discloses known defects
• B. An agent provides full disclosure of all information
• C. An agent refuses to answer questions
• D. An agent withholds known foundation problems when asked about the foundation

Answer: (D)

Withholding a known material defect from a client shows fraud through concealment. A foundation problem is a material defect because it affects safety and value, and if the agent knows about it and hides it when asked, the buyer cannot make an informed decision. Real estate professionals have a duty of disclosure and honesty; remaining silent about a known defect when directly questioned is a deceptive omission that qualifies as fraud. By contrast, offering accurate or full disclosures supports fair dealings and avoids liability. While refusing to answer can be problematic, it isn’t as clear-cut a fraud example as knowingly concealing a known defect.